[家庭压力对幼儿的情绪发展]
Sabine Walper1, Susanne M Ulrich2, Heinz Kindler2
1Deutsches Jugendinstitut, Nockherstr. 2, 81541, München, Deutschland. walper@dji.de.
概括
多种家庭压力因素显著增加了儿童负面情绪的风险. 父母的压力也会增加这种风险,强调需要早期干预计划来支持脆弱的家庭.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 儿童不良经历 (ACE) 与长期的身体和心理健康问题有关.
- 研究表明,ACE可以影响儿童从婴儿期到成年.
- 这项研究考察了家庭压力因素及其与幼儿期负面情绪的关系.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同类型的家庭压力因素与儿童负面情绪之间的关联.
- 了解多种压力因素对儿童情绪发展的累积影响.
- 为早期干预计划的必要性提供证据.
主要方法:
- 利用了KiD 0-3研究 (N=5583) 和2年随访 (n=681) 的数据.
- 根据14个压力因素对家庭进行了分类:没有/很少的压力因素,社会经济压力因素,育儿压力因素和多重压力因素.
- 采用统计分析,包括几率比 (OR),以评估风险和纵向变化.
主要成果:
- 多重压力家庭的儿童表现出负面情绪的最高风险 (OR 13.00-6.81).
- 父母压力也显著增加了风险 (OR 8.31-6.95),但仅仅是社会经济压力并没有.
- 压力因素水平的变化与儿童负面情绪的平行变化相关.
结论:
- 这些发现与德国和儿童早期ACE的国际研究一致.
- 结果强调了强大的早期干预系统对处于风险家庭的关键重要性.
- 早期的支持可以减轻家庭压力对幼儿的负面情绪后果.
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