患有发育性阅读障碍的儿童具有相当的视听语音感知表现,但他们的感知权重不同
Liesbeth Gijbels1,2, Adrian K C Lee1,2, Jason D Yeatman3,4,5
1Department of Speech & Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Developmental science
|July 5, 2023
概括
患有发育性阅读障碍 (DD) 的儿童表现出同等的视听语言益处,但依赖于听觉输入的程度较低. 语音处理,而不是阅读技能,可能解释了DD的语音感知差异.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音和听力科学 语言和听力科学
背景情况:
- 阅读是一种多感官过程,将视觉符号与语音联系起来.
- 发育性阅读障碍 (DD) 可能涉及更广泛的多感官处理障碍,但这仍然不清楚.
- 由于DD的复杂病因和缺乏标准化的视听 (AV) 任务,现有研究面临挑战.
研究的目的:
- 调查有或没有发育性阅读障碍 (DD) 的儿童的视听 (AV) 语音感知益处.
- 为了确定孩子们是否使用一致的感知权重来获得AV语言的好处.
- 探索声学处理在AV语音感知中在DDD儿童中发挥的作用.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个生态有效的AV语音感知任务,具有较低的认知/语言需求.
- 确保DD和没有DD的儿童具有相同的单模式 (听觉/视觉) 性能.
- 使用AV任务收集了135名儿童 (年龄为6.5-15岁) 的数据.
主要成果:
- 有DD和没有DD的儿童表现出相似的AV语音感知益处.
- 患有DD的儿童在具有挑战性的听力条件下,对听觉处理的依赖性降低.
- 与同龄人相比,DD重量级的儿童的听觉和视觉信息流与同龄人不同.
结论:
- 在DD和没有DD的儿童中,视听语音知觉的好处是相似的.
- 患有DD的儿童的语音感知差异可能源于语音处理变异,而不是阅读能力.
- 语音处理似乎是个体语音感知差异的一个更重要的因素,而不是阅读能力.
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