坎布里亚顶峰捕食者的猛禽附属物Anomalocaris canadensis是为软的猎物和速度而建造的
Russell D C Bicknell1,2, Michel Schmidt3,4, Imran A Rahman5,6
1Palaeoscience Research Centre, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale 2351, Australia.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|July 5, 2023
概括
坎布里亚时期的大型捕食者Anomalocaris canadensis很可能用敏捷的动作狩猎软体猎物,而不是通过粉碎硬的生物. 它的附属部分是针对速度而优化的,而不是durophagy.
科学领域:
- 古生物学和功能形态学.
- 计算生物学和生物力学
背景情况:
- 阿诺马洛卡里斯 (Anomalocaris canadensis) 是一个大型的坎布里亚半足动物,传统上被视为能够粉碎猎物的顶级捕食者.
- 以前的解释表明,Anomalocaris canadensis可能会对盆地三虫造成损害,这意味着durophagy (压碎硬猎物).
- 有争议存在于它的脊柱前部附属体的功能能力操纵或生物矿物质的猎物.
研究的目的:
- 使用整合计算方法严格分析Anomalocaris canadensis食附录的形态功能极限.
- 为了测试durophagy的假设与掠夺性掠食在Anomalocaris canadensis.测试.
- 重建坎布里亚时代食物网中Anomalocaris canadensis的掠食生活方式和生态作用.
主要方法:
- 开发一种新的综合计算方法,将3D数字建模,动力学,有限元分析 (FEA) 和计算流体动力学 (CFD) 结合起来.
- 在模拟的猎物交互过程中,FEA被用来评估附属物结构的压力和应变.
- 使用CFD分析来建模附属体的水力动力学及其对掠食者的运动和速度的影响.
主要成果:
- 在模拟的durophagy下,FEA揭示了尾末端的高塑性变形,表明它缺乏压碎硬猎物的能力.
- CFD模拟表明,伸展的尾部可以最大限度地降低阻力,优化加速冲击,这对于捕捉猎物至关重要.
- 综合分析表明,Anomalocaris canadensis是一种敏捷的,有毒的捕食者,准水柱中的软体生物.
结论:
- 阿诺马洛卡里斯 (Anomalocaris canadensis) 很可能是掠食性捕食者,而不是肉食者,其附属物优化了速度和捕捉.
- 它的捕食策略涉及在海底海洋区域敏捷地追逐软体猎物,挑战传统的解释.
- 放射牙科动物之间的利基划分,包括潜在的durophages,显著影响了坎布里亚食物网动态和生态系统结构.
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