温度变化对行为变化产生性别特异性影响
Jack A Brand1,2, Winston K W Yee1, Ian J Aitkenhead1
1School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|July 5, 2023
概括
较高的温度会增加雄性果的行为变化,但不会增加雌性果的行为变化,这会影响它们的健康状况. 这种热可塑性的性别差异可能会导致气候变暖的脆弱性.
科学领域:
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 生理生态生态学 生理生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 温度显著影响生物体的健康状况和生态相互作用.
- 虽然已知平均温度对外热生物行为的影响,但个人层面的变化和性别差异仍然不太清楚.
- 个人的行为变化至关重要,因为自然选择在这个层面上起作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究温度如何影响男性和女性Drosophila melanogaster*的个体水平的行为变化和新陈代谢.
- 确定行为和新陈代谢的热可塑性是否存在性别差异.
- 探索温度诱导的行为变化的生态和进化后果.
主要方法:
- 从成年雄性和雌性 *Drosophila melanogaster* (n=129) 中重复测量运动运动活性和代谢率.
- 测量是在两个温度下进行的:标准25°C和高28°C.
- 进行了统计分析,以比较性别和温度之间的反应.
主要成果:
- 与女性相比,男性在平均活动水平上对温度变化表现出更大的反应能力.
- 在标准或活性代谢率的热可塑性方面没有发现任何显著的性别差异.
- 温度升高扩大了男性运动活动的个体间和个体内变化,但女性没有.
结论:
- 对温度的行为反应的性别差异可能会对生态和进化产生重大影响.
- 男性在更高的温度下表现出更多的行为变化,这表明男性对气候变暖的潜在性别特异性脆弱性.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解这些性别特异性热反应在人口层面的影响.
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