中心体放大微调素乙化以差异控制细胞内组织
Pedro Monteiro1,2, Bongwhan Yeon1, Samuel S Wallis1
1Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
The EMBO journal
|July 5, 2023
概括
癌细胞中的中枢细胞放大通过素-1和乙化微管细胞改变器官的位置,影响细胞组织和迁移.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
- 细胞骨动力学 细胞骨动力学
背景情况:
- 细胞细胞内器官组织依赖于运动蛋白和微管细胞骨架.
- 微管子后翻译性修饰 (PTMs) 创造多样性并调节运动介导的运输.
- 中心细胞放大与癌症的进展,形积分和侵袭有关.
研究的目的:
- 调查中心细胞放大如何影响器官的定位和核迁移.
- 确定素-1和微管乙化在这个过程中的作用.
- 了解修饰微管对细胞内组织的贡献.
主要方法:
- 在细胞模型中诱导中心体放大.
- 使用显微镜分析有机细胞的定位.
- 特定蛋白质 (kinesin-1,αTAT1) 的耗尽和表型的评估.
- 免疫光染色用于乙化管和微管分布分析.
主要成果:
- 中心细胞放大在全球范围内将器官转移到细胞外围,有助于核迁移.
- 这种重组依赖于kinesin-1并模仿dynein损失.
- 增加的素乙化与放大的中枢细胞和增强的基因素-1运输相关.
- 阻断管氨酸乙化部分挽救器官位移,但没有戈尔吉或内分体定位.
- 改变微管的极化分布,而不仅仅是水平,对于有机体定位至关重要.
结论:
- 中心体放大驱动显著的细胞内重组.
- 增加的氨酸乙化差异性调节了氨酸-1-介导的有机体运输.
- 修改的微管分布是定位特定器官的关键,如中心体.
- 这项研究揭示了一种新的机制,它将中心细胞放大,微管 PTM 和癌细胞中的器官组织联系起来.
相关概念视频
02:25Centrosome Duplication
4.1K
The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
4.1K
01:13Centrioles and Centrosomes
2.8K
Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
Near the end of the prophase, also called late prophase or...
Near the end of the prophase, also called late prophase or...
2.8K
02:17Microtubule Instability
5.2K
Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated...
5.2K
01:23Microtubule Formation
5.8K
Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. They originate from specialized multi-protein complexes known as microtubule organizing centers or MTOCs. Within the MTOC, the point of origin of the microtubule is known as the minus end, while the end radiating outward is the plus end. Microtubules serve two primary functions — the organization of spindle complexes to separate sister chromatids during mitotic or meiotic cell division and the formation...
5.8K
01:32Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures
1.9K
Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
1.9K
02:50Spindle Assembly
3.7K
Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a...
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a...
3.7K