对机器学习方法进行比较分析,以预测呼吸道病毒感染和症状严重程度
Yunus Emre Işık1, Zafer Aydın2
1Department of Management Information Systems, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
PeerJ
|July 5, 2023
概括
这项研究利用基因表达数据和机器学习增强了呼吸道病毒感染预测,显著改善了早期检测和症状严重程度评估. 这些发现强调了免疫系统在预测感染和症状发展中的作用.
科学领域:
- 计算生物学和生物信息学
- 基因组学和转录基因组学
- 传染病建模传染病模型
背景情况:
- 呼吸道疾病对全球健康造成重大负担,需要改进诊断和预后工具.
- 早期预测病毒感染和症状严重程度对于有效的疾病管理和公共卫生干预至关重要.
- 现有的呼吸系统疾病预测计算方法需要进一步提高性能.
研究的目的:
- 用基因表达数据提高呼吸道病毒感染和相关症状严重性的预测准确度.
- 开发和比较机器学习算法,用于早期检测和预测H1N1,H3N2,HRV和RSV引起的感染的严重程度.
- 通过基因表达分析,确定参与感染前和症状发展的关键生物途径.
主要方法:
- 利用基因表达综合数据集GSE73072,包括暴露于呼吸道病毒之前和之后的基因表达概况.
- 实施和评估各种数据预处理技术和机器学习算法,以优化预测性能.
- 应用过度代表性分析 (ORA) 在选定的重要基因上,以确定相关的生物途径.
主要成果:
- 实现了高预测性能:0.9746AUPRC用于感染 (脱落) 预测,0.9182AUPRC用于症状类预测,0.6733皮尔森相关性用于症状得分预测.
- 优于之前的呼吸道病毒DREAM挑战排行榜成绩,在感染预测方面改善了4.48%,在症状类别方面提高了13.68%,在症状得分方面提高了13.98%.
- ORA确定了与"适应性免疫系统"和"免疫疾病"相关的途径与感染前状态和症状发展密切相关.
结论:
- 拟议的计算方法显著提高了呼吸道病毒感染和症状严重程度的预测.
- 用先进的机器学习分析的基因表达数据为早期疾病检测和个性化风险评估提供了强大的工具.
- 这些发现强调了免疫系统途径在呼吸道病毒感染和症状进展的早期阶段的关键作用,指导着未来的研究和治疗策略.
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