宿主特征及其对动物感染,疾病出现和多宿主致病性的影响
Balbir B Singh1,2, Michael P Ward1, Navneet K Dhand1
1Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, 425 Werombi Road, Camden, 2570, NSW, Australia.
One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|July 5, 2023
概括
宿主体质和成熟度等特征会影响动物传染病的出现. 鸟类和哺乳动物更有可能成为动物传染病原体的宿主,这会影响传染病的准备.
科学领域:
- 兽医科学 兽医科学 兽医科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 传染病的出现和动物感染潜力源于复杂的病原体-宿主-环境相互作用.
- 虽然研究了病原体和环境因素,但宿主特征在动物病和病原体适应性中的作用仍然不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究脊椎动物宿主特征与病原体的动物感染,新兴或多宿主潜力之间的关联.
- 识别关键宿主特征,预测病原体进入人类或感染多个物种的能力.
主要方法:
- 从已发表的文献中编制了8114个脊椎动物宿主-代理相互作用的数据集.
- 利用后勤回归模型分析宿主特征 (例如,类,Bursa fabricii存在,成熟度,体质) 和病原体特征 (动物性,新兴,多宿主潜力) 之间的关联.
- 用出版和对代理-宿主组合的序列计数进行研究工作的控制.
主要成果:
- 鸟类和哺乳动物类的宿主比两动物更有可能携带动物传染病原体.
- 存在Bursa fabricii (鸟类) 和较高的宿主体质量与新出现的人类病原体的可能性增加有关.
- 病原体多宿主潜力与较短的宿主雌性成熟日和较低的出生/化体重有关.
结论:
- 宿主特征,包括质量,成熟度,免疫系统指标和病原体宽容性,是动物病和疾病出现的关键因素.
- 了解这些宿主-病原体动态可以提高对新出现的传染病和动物传染病的准备和预防策略.
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