心血管疾病/中风风险分层在深度学习框架:一个审查
Mrinalini Bhagawati1, Sudip Paul1, Sushant Agarwal2,3
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India.
Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy
|July 5, 2023
概括
使用深度学习 (DL) 的心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险分层显示出希望. 集体DL方法正在成为单独和混合DL的优越方法,以准确,可靠的CVD风险评估.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 仍然是全球主要的死亡原因,需要先进的,非侵入性的风险识别方法.
- 传统的CVD风险预测模型在多民族人群中与复杂的非线性关系作斗争.
- 现有的关于机器学习对心血管疾病风险的审查缺乏全面的深度学习 (DL) 集成.
研究的目的:
- 审查和分析单独深度学习 (SDL) 和混合深度学习 (HDL) 技术用于心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险分层.
- 在CVD风险评估中评估各种DL架构的特性,应用和验证.
- 识别和讨论用于心血管疾病风险分层的AI系统中的偏差风险.
主要方法:
- 在主要科学数据库中使用PRISMA模型对286个基于DL的CVD研究进行了系统审查.
- 分析重点是SDL和HDL架构,斑块组织表征和基于心电图 (ECG) 的解决方案.
- 使用PROBAST和ROBINS-I等工具进行了偏见风险评估,重点是基于UNet的框架中的地面真相选择.
主要成果:
- 卷积神经网络 (CNN) 算法由于自动特征提取而普遍存在.
- 基于集团的DL技术正在成为CVD风险分层的优越范式,超过SDL和HDL.
- DL方法在评估心血管疾病风险方面具有很高的准确性,可靠性和效率.
结论:
- 深度学习为非侵入性心血管疾病风险评估和分层提供了一种强大而有前途的方法.
- 整体DL方法有望成为CVD风险分层的主要技术.
- 减轻DL偏差风险需要多中心数据和严格的临床验证.
相关概念视频
01:20Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers
203
Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
203
01:28Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT
45
Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
45
01:27Regulation of Stroke Volume
3.3K
The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...
3.3K
01:21Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI
65
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
65
01:25Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT
42
Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
42
01:18Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure
2.9K
The neural regulation of blood pressure involves intricate interactions between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and cardiovascular system, ensuring adequate perfusion of tissues. This regulation primarily occurs through baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, involving both short-term and long-term mechanisms.
Baroreceptor Reflex
Baroreceptors, located in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch, detect changes in blood pressure. When blood pressure rises, these stretch-sensitive receptors...
Baroreceptor Reflex
Baroreceptors, located in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch, detect changes in blood pressure. When blood pressure rises, these stretch-sensitive receptors...
2.9K