多民族队列中2型糖尿病的危险因素
Gertraud Maskarinec1, Bruce S Kristal2, Lynne R Wilkens1
1Population Sciences in the Pacific, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States.
肥胖和吸烟等已知风险因素增加了2型糖尿病 (T2D) 的风险,而体力活动和咖啡可能会降低它. 在多民族队列研究中,各族群之间的关联略有差异.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 代谢疾病 代谢疾病
背景情况:
- 2型糖尿病 (T2D) 是一个重要的全球健康问题,在不同族群中发生率不同.
- 确定的T2D风险因素得到了充分证实,但它们对不同种族群体的影响可能会有所不同.
- 了解这些种族差异对于有针对性的预防和管理策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查已知的风险因素与5个不同族群的2型糖尿病 (T2D) 发病率之间的关联.
- 在多民族队列 (MEC) 研究中,根据T2D定义和种族,探索这些协会的潜在差异.
- 确定可能导致种族之间T2D发病率差异的特定风险因素.
主要方法:
- 利用来自多民族队列 (MEC) 研究的大型队列 (N=172,230) 的考克斯回归分析.
- 评估了人口统计,人体测量,生活方式因素,饮食和T2D发病率之间的关联.
- 按族群和T2D定义进行分层分析;根据种族进行评估效果修改.
主要成果:
- 超重 (HR=1.74),肥胖 (HR=2.90),红肉摄入量,睡眠时间和吸烟与增加T2D风险有显著联系.
- 咖啡和酒精消费,体力活动和饮食质量与降低T2D风险有关.
- 虽然这些关联在各族群中普遍相似,但在肥胖,体育活动,酒精,咖啡和饮食质量方面观察到显著的差异.
结论:
- 确认了跨越不同种族背景的T2D已确定的风险因素的普遍重要性.
- 确定了特定因素,特别是肥胖和体育活动,在这些因素中,关联强度的种族差异可能会导致T2D发病率差异.
- 强调需要文化定制的干预措施来解决T2D风险的种族差异.
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