揭示印度各地露天排便实践中的空间划分:空间回归和费利分解模型的应用
Avijit Roy1, Margubur Rahaman2, Mihir Adhikary3
1Department of Geography, Malda College, Malda, West Bengal, India.
BMJ open
|July 5, 2023
概括
露天排便 (OD) 仍然是印度的一个重要问题,主要集中在中北部地区. 关键的驱动因素包括贫困,缺乏教育和不充分的饮用水,需要针对弱势群体进行有针对性的干预.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 空间流行病学 空间流行病学
背景情况:
- 露天排便 (OD) 在印度是一个持续的公共卫生挑战.
- 了解OD的空间分布和社会经济驱动因素对于有效的干预策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 绘制印度开放式排便 (OD) 实践的空间异质性.
- 识别和评估对OD有贡献的关键社会经济和人口驱动因素.
- 分析导致OD热点和冷点的因素.
主要方法:
- 利用来自印度国家家庭健康调查 (2019-2021) 的二次横截面调查数据.
- 采用LISA集群技术用于空间地图的OD流行.
- 应用多变量回归和Fairlie分解模型来识别OD驱动器.
主要成果:
- OD患病率接近20%,在农村和城市,教育和财富梯度之间存在显著差异.
- OD热点主要位于印度中北部.
- 关键预测因素包括文盲家庭主管,贫困和印度教宗教信仰,家庭财富是最重要的因素.
结论:
- 在空间上,OD集中在印度的中北带,不成比例地影响穷人,文盲和社会边缘化群体.
- 多部门和有针对性的政策干预对于改善高重点地区和弱势群体的卫生做法至关重要.
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