罗亚-ROCK1/ROCK2通路在不朽化和初级微质中加剧炎症信号
Elliot J Glotfelty1,2, Luis B Tovar-Y-Romo3, Shih-Chang Hsueh1
1Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Cells
|July 6, 2023
概括
神经炎症涉及RhoA/ROCK信号传递,抑制剂可减少微质细胞中的促炎因素. 这一途径与阿尔茨海默病有关,这表明了潜在的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 神经炎症是中枢神经系统损伤和神经退行性疾病的常见特征.
- 这种RhoA/ROCK信号通路在细胞反应中起着至关重要的作用.
- 微质细胞是中枢神经系统中关键的免疫细胞,参与神经炎症.
研究的目的:
- 研究RhoA及其下游激酶 (ROCK1/ROCK2) 在微质神经炎症中的作用.
- 评估ROCK抑制剂在缓解神经炎症反应方面的治疗潜力.
- 建立永生微质细胞 (IMG) 作为初级微质细胞 (PMg) 研究的可靠模型.
主要方法:
- 使用了不朽化的微质细胞 (IMG) 和初级微质细胞 (PMg) 细胞模型.
- 使用脂聚糖 (LPS) 诱导神经炎症挑战.
- 使用的泛激酶抑制剂Y27632和ROCK1/ROCK2特定抑制剂RKI1447.7.
- 评估了促炎性细胞因子的产生 (TNF-α,IL-6,KC/GRO,IL-12p70).
- 研究了NF-κB核转位和炎症基因转录 (iNOS,TNF-α,IL-6).
- 检查了cofilin的脱和激活.
- 使用siRNA来区分ROCK1和ROCK2的角色.
- 使用Nogo-P4和纳西克拉辛 (Narc) 分析了RhoA激活.
主要成果:
- 无论是Y27632还是RKI1447,都显著降低了IMG和PMg细胞中促炎蛋白的产生.
- 观察到NF-κB核转位和炎症基因转录的抑制.
- ROCK 抑制剂阻断了科菲林的脱和激活.
- 罗亚激活加剧了LPS诱导的炎症反应.
- 通过siRNA介导的ROCK1和ROCK2的阻断有助于抗炎作用.
- 在阿尔茨海默病的微质细胞模型中,RhoA/ROCK通路基因被上调.
结论:
- 罗亚/ROCK信号传递是微质细胞中神经炎症的关键媒介.
- 抑制RhoA/ROCK信号传递减少了促炎反应,并对神经退行性疾病具有治疗潜力.
- 在神经炎症研究中,IMG细胞作为研究初级微质细胞的有效和有用模型.
相关概念视频
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
9.0K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
9.0K
MAPK Signaling Cascades
5.7K
Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
5.7K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
6.3K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
6.3K
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway
7.5K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
7.5K
Small GTPases - Ras and Rho
4.0K
Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
4.0K
The Ras Gene
6.3K
The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
Ras is a...
6.3K


