帮助低收入吸烟者戒烟:一项随机对照试验的发现,该试验比较了具有和没有社会需求的专门戒烟服务
Matthew W Kreuter1, Rachel Garg1, Qiang Fu2
1Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
专门的戒烟线和社会需求导航并没有改善低收入人群的戒烟率. 将社会需求支持添加到标准的戒烟线上实际上减少了帮助吸烟者戒烟的有效性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 低收入的吸烟者面临着戒烟的重大障碍,包括高压力和有限的支持.
- 现有的戒烟服务可能无法充分满足这一群体的独特需求.
研究的目的:
- 评估专门的戒烟线的有效性,与或没有社会需求导航,与低收入吸烟者的标准戒烟线服务相比.
- 确定是否整合社会需求支持可以提高戒烟的结果.
主要方法:
- 一个随机的2x2因数设计被用于1944年低收入吸烟者.
- 参与者被分配到标准退出线,标准退出线+社会需求导航,专业退出线或专业退出线+社会需求导航.
- 主要结局是6个月随访后的7天点患病率禁欲,使用逻辑回归和多重归算分析.
主要成果:
- 在标准戒断线,专业戒断线和专业戒断线+社会需求导航组之间没有观察到戒断率的显著差异.
- 标准戒断线+社会需求导航组的戒断率明显低于单独的标准戒断线 (OR=0.70).
- 参与者的人口统计数据包括大多数非洲裔美国人和白人,主要是女性,年家庭收入低.
结论:
- 一个专门的戒烟线没有显示出高于标准戒烟线服务对低收入吸烟者的优越有效性.
- 将社会需求导航集成到标准的戒烟服务中,对戒烟的有效性产生了负面影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定有效的策略,以支持弱势群体戒烟.
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