对正常衰老过程中的听觉处理和认知变化的审查,以及对老年人设置助听器的含义
Richard Windle1, Harvey Dillon2,3, Antje Heinrich2,4
1Audiology Department, Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in neurology
|July 6, 2023
概括
与年龄相关的听力损失会影响周边听力和认知能力. 本次审查强调避免助听器扭曲,特别是缓慢作用的压缩,以改善老年人的听力.
科学领域:
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 成年人经历了与年龄相关的外周听力,听觉处理和支持听力认知功能的衰退.
- 标准听力测量不评估听觉处理或认知,让老年人尽管有正常的外周听力,但仍在努力与语音噪音感知.
- 助听器可以提高信号噪声比,但不能增强中央听觉过程,可能会扭曲声音,可能会损害听力能力.
研究的目的:
- 审查助听器扭曲对正常衰老的老年人与年龄相关的听力损失的影响.
- 倡导采用听力学方法,最大限度地减少老年人助听器配件的扭曲,特别是压缩的扭曲.
- 提出务实的助听器配套策略,以适应听力和认知衰退而不会增加听力学服务负载.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于与年龄相关的听力损失,听觉处理,认知和助听器技术.
- 分析助听器放大,特别是压缩如何影响语音信封线索.
- 对老年人配戴助听器的临床影响的讨论.
主要成果:
- 助听器可以引入扭曲,主要是通过快速放大变化 (压缩),削弱老年人听力能力.
- 患有外周和中央听力/认知能力下降的老年人是复杂的听力病患者.
- 语音信封线索的扭曲是一个重大问题,可以减轻.
结论:
- 必须仔细考虑助听器的设置,以避免引入扭曲,特别是对于与年龄相关的听力损失的老年人.
- 对一些用户来说,缓慢作用的压缩可能是首选的默认设置.
- 对助听器装配的务实方法应该优先考虑尽量减少扭曲,以支持复杂案件的听力.
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