一个对遗传和环境对注意力缺陷/多动障碍随时间推移的贡献的双重研究
Mark J Taylor1, Joanna Martin2, Agnieszka Butwicka1,3,4
1Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
概括
影响注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的遗传和环境因素随着时间的推移而保持稳定. 这表明,ADHD诊断的患病率上升并不是由于其潜在原因的变化.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 行为遗传学行为遗传学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 是一种常见的神经发育状况,诊断越来越多.
- 关于世俗环境变化导致ADHD患病率的假设仍未得到证实.
- 研究随着时间的推移对ADHD遗传和环境变异的变化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定ADHD及其特征背后的遗传和环境变异是否随着时间的推移而改变.
- 在诊断率上升的情况下,评估ADHD的病因稳定性.
主要方法:
- 使用了瑞典双胞胎登记 (STR) 和瑞典儿童和青少年双胞胎研究 (CATSS) 的双胞胎出生于1982-2008年间.
- 关联的注册表数据用于ADHD诊断和处方与父母完成的ADHD查工具用于特征测量.
- 应用经典的双胞胎设计来分析随着时间的推移,遗传和环境影响的变化.
主要成果:
- 包括来自STR的22678对双胞胎和来自CATSS的15036对.
- 在STR中,ADHD的遗传率在66%-86%之间,没有统计学上显著的波动.
- 由于遗传和环境变异的小幅增加,观察到ADHD特征变异的适度增加 (0.98到1.09);估计遗传率为64%-65%.
结论:
- 遗传和环境因素对ADHD病因的相对贡献保持稳定.
- 在ADHD的根本原因的变化不太可能解释随着时间的推移观察到的ADHD诊断的增加.
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