战争暴露对难民儿童青春期发展的影响
Candace J Black1, Fiona S McEwen1, Demelza Smeeth1
1Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London.
Developmental psychology
|July 6, 2023
概括
战争暴露加速了男孩的青春期时间,但这种效应在高能量的压力下减弱. 对于女孩来说,仅仅是高能量的压力就减缓了初经风险,而轰炸暴露影响了几年前离开叙利亚的人.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 创伤研究 创伤研究
背景情况:
- 战争和能量剥夺等环境压力因素对青春期的发展产生独特的影响.
- 这些压力因素往往同时发生,因此需要对它们的综合影响进行研究.
- 以前的研究表明,威胁加快,而剥夺减缓,青春期的时间.
研究的目的:
- 调查战争暴露和精力压力对叙利亚难民儿童青春期发展的综合影响.
- 测试关于能量压力对战争暴露影响的调节作用的假设.
- 检查对这些环境压力因素的反应中的性别差异.
主要方法:
- 在黎巴嫩对1600名叙利亚难民儿童 (男性和女性) 的纵向研究.
- 收集有关战争暴露 (发病/死亡威胁,轰炸) 和能量压力的数据.
- 分析男孩的青春期时间和女孩的初潮风险,考虑压力因素的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 战争暴露加速了男孩的青春期时间,这种效应被高能量的压力减弱.
- 在女孩中,高能量压力降低了初潮风险.
- 轰炸暴露减少了4+年前离开叙利亚的女孩的初潮风险,这表明了长期影响.
结论:
- 战争暴露和能量压力之间的相互作用对男性和女性青春期发育有不同的影响.
- 调查结果强调了青少年在医疗和心理健康环境中进行青春期查的必要性,这些青少年暴露于创伤.
- 了解这些复杂的相互作用对于针对性干预和对难民儿童的支持至关重要.
相关概念视频
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
76
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
76
Signs of Puberty
450
Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...
450
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
58
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
58
Nature and Nurture
20.6K
Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
20.6K
Psychosexual Theory of Development
346
Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory of development suggests that early childhood experiences significantly shape personality and behavior. Freud proposed that development is discontinuous, occurring in five distinct stages, each defined by a focus on different erogenous zones. He believed that failure to resolve the conflicts specific to each stage successfully could result in fixation, potentially influencing behavior as adults.
The Five Stages of Psychosexual Development
Freud's...
The Five Stages of Psychosexual Development
Freud's...
346
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
167
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
167


