手动响应代码的空间数值关联是非常不对称的
1Department of Psychology, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 50, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
Cognition
|July 6, 2023
概括
响应代码的空间数值关联 (SNARC) 效应表明数字影响空间响应. 这项研究发现,数值刺激强烈激发了主要空间反应,但空间刺激弱弱激发了主要数值反应,这挑战了一些SNARC效应理论.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 响应代码的空间-数值关联 (SNARC) 效应描述了左边对小数的响应速度更快,右边对大数的响应速度更快.
- 当前的理论,如精神数线假设和极性对应原理,为这种关联的对称性提供了不同的解释.
研究的目的:
- 通过检查数值刺激如何影响空间反应,反之亦然,研究SNARC效应的互惠性.
- 测试现有的SNARC效应理论对精心设计的任务的经验证据的预测能力.
主要方法:
- 两个实验采用了手动选择-响应任务,包括一个数字位置任务 (通过按键响应数字) 和一个位置-数字任务 (通过按键响应位置).
- 参与者执行了数字大小和空间响应位置之间的兼容和不兼容映射的任务.
- 数据分析考虑了异常值排除对观察到效应的影响.
主要成果:
- 在数字定位任务中观察到一个强大的SNARC效应,证实了数字刺激强烈影响空间反应.
- 在位置数任务中,当排除异常值时,没有发现显著的映射效应,这表明空间刺激对数值反应的初始化很弱.
- 在不排除异常值时,在位置数任务中出现了小的互惠SNARC效应,这表明反向方向的微妙影响.
结论:
- 这些发现表明SNARC效应存在强烈的不对称性,数字刺激对空间反应的影响更大,而不是相反.
- 这些结果支持了假设在空间-数值关联中占主导地位的理论,例如心理数线假设.
- 观察到的不对称性挑战了假定对称关联的理论,比如极性对应原理.
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