无症状但传染性 - 病原体传播的无声驱动器. 一个务实的审查
Nabila Shaikh1, Pooja Swali2, Rein M G J Houben3
1TB Modelling Group, TB Centre, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom; Sanofi Pasteur, 410 Thames Valley Park Drive, Reading RG6 1PT, United Kingdom.
Epidemics
|July 6, 2023
概括
无症状的疾病传播往往被忽视,阻碍了对COVID-19等病原体的控制工作. 了解无症状个体对于有效的流行病管理和未来的流行病准备至关重要.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- COVID-19的干预措施最初集中在症状病例上,尽管有证据表明症状前和无症状传播.
- 从历史上看,全球卫生系统在量化和解决无症状疾病传播方面进展缓慢.
- 无症状的感染期在病原体中很常见,但在病例发现策略中经常被忽视.
研究的目的:
- 审查各种病原体中无症状个体的术语,流行率和传播贡献.
- 识别过去和现在关于无症状疾病传播的控制计划的教训.
- 强调了解无症状传播对于当前的疾病控制和未来的流行病准备的重要性.
主要方法:
- 对包括SARS-CoV-2和埃博拉在内的15种关键病原体进行实用性审查.
- 分析了与无症状感染相关的术语变化.
- 评估了无症状病例的比例及其对传播的贡献.
主要成果:
- 在无症状感染的术语和定义中表现出显著的差异.
- 在流行病例 (0-99%) 中观察到无症状个体比例的广泛范围.
- 发现无症状的个体可以对传播 (0-96%) 作出重大贡献,根据病原体类型或传播方式没有明显的模式.
结论:
- 忽视无症状传染性个体显著阻碍疾病控制,正如COVID-19流行病所强调的那样.
- 更深入地了解无症状传播动态对于控制现有疾病至关重要.
- 提高无症状传播的知识和准备对于应对新型病原体的出现至关重要.
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