自然接触和一般健康:用18个国家的成年人的数据测试多个串行调解途径
Lewis R Elliott1, Tytti Pasanen2, Mathew P White3
1European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Cornwall, United Kingdom.
Environment international
|July 6, 2023
概括
邻近的自然,包括绿色和蓝色空间,主要通过娱乐访问来改善健康. 这些访问鼓励身体活动,社交接触和福祉,突出了可访问的自然环境对公共卫生的重要性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 邻近自然的健康益处是公认的,但由于研究方法的多样性和对不同类型自然的有限探索,潜在的机制仍然不清楚.
- 以前的研究经常使用单独的调解模型,阻碍了对绿色和蓝色空间如何影响一般健康的综合和明确结论.
研究的目的:
- 在一个国际成年人样本中,研究多种途径,将各种类型的邻居自然 (绿色空间,内陆蓝色空间,沿海蓝色空间) 与一般健康联系起来.
- 测试假设,自然的健康益处是通过娱乐访问频率,体力活动,社交接触和主观幸福感的连续介导的假设.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自18个国家的15917名成年人的横截面调查数据.
- 开发并测试了一种多组路径模型,以检查串行调解路径,控制社会人口统计学变量.
- 通过替代模型规范和社会人口统计学效果修改来评估稳定性.
主要成果:
- 通过访问频率发现了九个潜在的串行调解途径中的八个的统计支持,在替代模型规范中一致.
- 邻居性与一般健康有关,主要通过娱乐访问,体育活动,社交接触和主观福祉进行调解.
- 通过财务压力,性别,年龄和城市化观察到效果的修改,但并不一致地支持大自然在减少健康不平等方面的作用.
结论:
- 理论上,自然与健康之间的联系主要是通过在不同国家与自然环境的娱乐接触来运作.
- 支持加大努力,促进利用当地绿色和蓝色空间促进健康和预防疾病.
- 调查结果强调了可访问的自然环境对于提高公共卫生结果的重要性.
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