新开发的基因型的生态生理学和环境影响,以提高产量和使用效率,协调协调
Weilu Wang1, Dongling Ji2, Shaobing Peng3
1Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
开发高产,高效的米品种至关重要. 新的基因型有望提高产量和利用效率 (NUE),减少温室气体排放,尽管温度的影响.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物育种 植物育种
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 在米使用效率 (NUE) 上的遗传进步并没有转化为实际的高产品种.
- 新基因型对降低的产量,NUE和温室气体 (GHG) 排放的影响基本上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 评估印加大米和日本大米产量和NUE的基因型变异.
- 研究协调高产量和高NUE的生态生理基础.
- 评估这些新基因型对环境的影响,包括温室气体排放.
主要方法:
- 在降低的条件下,对80种印加和12种日本大米基因型进行了实地实验.
- 产量评估,NUE,农学特征,土壤参数和气候数据.
- 识别具有高NUE (MHY_HNUE) 基因型的中等高产量.
主要成果:
- 在产量和NUE中观察到显著的基因型变异.
- 确定了47种MHY_HNUE基因型,显示出高产量 (9.6t ha-1) 和NUE (54.4kg kg-1).
- 的吸收和组织度是关键驱动因素;较高的温度降低了产量和NUE. MHY_HNUE基因型降低了产量规模的温室气体平衡 (-12.8%).
结论:
- 育种工作应侧重于产量,资源利用效率和气候适应性.
- 开发具有较低温室气体排放的基因型对于减轻地球变暖至关重要.
- 的吸收和组织度对于提高产量和NUE都至关重要.
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