针对幼儿教育环境中的体育活动的政策,系统和环境干预措施:系统审查
Cody Neshteruk1, Sarah Burkart2, Emily W Flanagan3
1Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America.
Preventive medicine
|July 6, 2023
概括
政策,系统和环境 (PSE) 方法可以促进优先人群在幼儿教育 (ECE) 中的体育活动. 需要更多的PSE策略来有效地接触这些群体并提高儿童活动水平.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 环境干预 环境干预
背景情况:
- 幼儿教育 (ECE) 环境对于建立体育活动习惯至关重要.
- 优先人口,包括种族和民族少数群体和低收入群体,经常面临身体活动的障碍.
- 政策,系统和环境 (PSE) 战略为促进ECE体育活动提供了一个有希望的框架.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用PSE方法来描述优先人群在ECE体育活动干预措施中的纳入.
- 确定和描述针对优先人群的现有ECE体育活动干预措施.
主要方法:
- 系统的文学搜索七个数据库 (2000年1月至2022年2月) 基于ECE的干预 (年龄在0-6岁的儿童) 使用至少一种PSE方法.
- 纳入标准集中在儿童体育活动或环境结果和相关人口特征的研究上.
- 确定并分析了42项干预措施,以了解PSE方法的利用,人口重点和报告的结果.
主要成果:
- 一半的干预措施 (21/42) 仅采用了一种PSE方法;11/42使用了三种或更多的方法.
- 物理环境修改 (25/42) 是最常见的PSE方法,其次是系统 (21/42) 和政策 (20/42).
- 近一半的干预 (18/42) 在主要优先人口中进行,大多数 (9/12儿童活动,9/11环境) 报告了积极的体力活动结果.
结论:
- 对于优先群体,在ECE中增强PSE方法的覆盖范围和影响的机会很大.
- 整合多种PSE策略可以在多种幼儿环境中最大限度地促进体育活动.
- 未来的干预措施应优先考虑纳入多样化的人口和全面的PSE战略.
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