异常自我体验的差异表达在临床高风险和早期精神病的自发言语中,通过自然语言处理量化自然语言处理
Agrima Srivastava1, Alexandria Selloni1, Zarina R Bilgrami2
1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
概括
临床高风险个体表现出比精神病患者更大的语音语义相似性与异常的自我体验,这表明一种新的NLP方法.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和计算语言学
- 精神分裂症谱系障碍 精神分裂症谱系障碍
- 在心理健康中使用自然语言处理 (NLP).
背景情况:
- 异常自我体验 (ASE) 是精神分裂症谱系障碍的核心特征.
- 在口语中量化ASEs对于理解和诊断这些疾病至关重要.
- 现有的方法可能无法完全捕捉精神病中自我干扰的细微差别.
研究的目的:
- 引入和验证一种新的NLP方法来量化口语语言中的ASEs.
- 将语义相似性与不同组的精神病样异常自我体验 (IPASE) 清单进行比较.
- 研究患有精神病,临床高风险和健康对照个体之间的语言模式差异.
主要方法:
- 从170名健康对照,167名临床高风险 (CHR) 个人和89名精神病 (PSY) 参与者收集了开放式采访语音样本.
- 使用 Sentence-BERT (S-BERT) 来计算IPASE项目与转录语音之间的语义相似性.
- 使用科尔摩戈罗夫-斯米尔诺夫测试进行群组比较和非负矩阵因子分解来排名IPASE项目.
主要成果:
- 与健康对照组 (s = 0.44,p < 10^-14) 和PSY对照组 (s = 0.36,p < 10^-6) 相比,CHR个体与IPASE项目的语义相似性显著增加.
- 在PSY组的IPASE分数高于CHR组.
- 非负矩阵因子化确定了一个数据驱动的域,有效地区分了CHR组.
结论:
- 开放式采访和NLP分析显示,与精神病患者相比,CHR患者与ASE的语义相似性增加.
- 这种NLP方法在区分临床组方面具有实用性,并有可能进行大规模研究.
- 该方法为研究精神分裂症和其他人群中的现象学特征提供了一个可扩展的,互补的方法.
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