慈善事业不能证明自愿安乐死和医生协助自杀是正当的
1Faculty of Law, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 2JD, UK petros.panayiotou@exeter.ox.ac.uk.
Journal of medical ethics
|July 6, 2023
概括
医生协助自杀和自愿安乐死在道德上是复杂的. 这项研究质疑死亡是否真正有利于患者,发现患者幸福感的概念在这些终身决策中存在问题.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 医学哲学 医学哲学
背景情况:
- 自愿安乐死 (VE) 和医生协助自杀 (PAS) 往往是由患者的自主权和福祉来证明是合理的.
- 尊重患者的死亡愿望支持自主权,但对福祉的好处是有争议的.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地检查VE和PAS的伦理理由,特别关注患者福祉的概念.
- 分析哲学论证,即死亡给患者带来了幸福的好处.
主要方法:
- 关于死亡和患者福祉的伦理论据的哲学分析.
- 质疑基于福祉的VE/PAS的两个常见理由.
主要成果:
- 死亡消除了病人,这使得很难争辩说健康是促进的.
- 认为死亡可以实现更好的生活方式 (减少痛苦) 或不存在比痛苦更优越的论点是有问题的.
- 这些概念上的困难挑战了VE/PAS的受益性理由.
结论:
- 基于患者福祉的VE和PAS的伦理理由是可疑的.
- 医生在试图以慈善的名义提供VE/PAS时面临重大挑战.
- 需要进一步的哲学和伦理调查来解决生命终端护理中的这些复杂问题.
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