描述AMPLICONYYY染色体区域的演变和表型影响
Elise A Lucotte1,2, Valdís Björt Guðmundsdóttir3,4, Jacob M Jensen5
1Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Dk-8000, Aarhus C., Denmark. elucotte@gmail.com.
Nature communications
|July 6, 2023
概括
人类Y染色体的副本数变化很常见,但对男性生育能力或各种特征的影响很小. 这些Y染色体突变可能会比中性进化预测的更快地消失.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 人类进化人类进化
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
背景情况:
- 人类Y染色体包含具有多个基因拷贝的平行体区域,可能会影响男性生育能力.
- 这些地区的副本数变化 (CNV) 了解得很少.
- 之前的研究表明,Y染色体的帕林德罗姆基因在男性生育能力中起着作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究大规模的 de novo 副本数突变在人类 Y 染色体中.
- 评估Y染色体平行体CNV对男性生育能力和人类表型多样性的影响.
- 为了估计Y染色体Palindromes的突变率和进化动态.
主要方法:
- 11,527名冰岛男性的全基因组测序.
- 分析了1,449个父系系谱中的7947名男性,以推断新的突变.
- 遗传学分析和模拟以估计突变率和选择系数.
- 对341个特征进行关联测试,并使用平行符号复制号.
主要成果:
- 在Y染色体上发现了57个大规模的de novo拷贝数突变,在Y染色体上发现了1.
- 估计de novo突变率为2.34×10−3个突变每次半变,比原始遗传学估计高4.1倍.
- 模拟表明,与非参考副本编号载体相比,选择系数为1.8%.
- 根据副本数的基因型,没有观察到生育能力或与341个特征的关联的显著差异.
结论:
- 在Y染色体中,大规模的副本数变化经常发生.
- 尽管存在潜在的负面选择,但Y染色体平行体CNV对男性生育能力和整体人类表型多样性影响很小.
- 观察到的突变率表明,Y染色体的帕林德罗姆突变比中性进化预测的更快地丢失.
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