如何让气候中立的航空飞行?
Romain Sacchi1, Viola Becattini2, Paolo Gabrielli2
1Technology Assessment Group, Laboratory for Energy Systems Analysis, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland. romain.sacchi@psi.ch.
Nature communications
|July 6, 2023
概括
实现气候中立的航空需要不仅仅是减少二氧化碳排放. 限制空中交通对于减轻整个气候影响至关重要,即使使用合成燃料和碳捕获.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候变化缓解缓解 气候变化缓解
- 航空可持续性 航空可持续性
背景情况:
- 欧洲航空业面临着实现净零排放的压力.
- 仅仅关注二氧化碳排放,就会忽略高达80%的航空对气候的影响.
- 非二氧化碳影响,包括合并和氧化物,是重要的气候驱动因素.
研究的目的:
- 评估欧洲气候中立航空的技术途径.
- 量化航空业对气候的影响,包括非二氧化碳影响.
- 评估合成喷气式燃料和直接空气碳捕获和储存 (DACCS) 的可行性.
主要方法:
- 对航空燃料和技术进行严格的生命周期评估 (LCA).
- 对非CO2气候影响的时间依赖量化.
- 分析资源需求和拟议解决方案的经济可行性.
主要成果:
- 基于电力的合成喷气燃料与DACCS相结合,可以从技术上实现气候中立的航空.
- 扩大合成燃料生产规模面临着重大的经济和自然资源限制.
- 化石飞机燃料的DACCS需要大量的二氧化碳储存,并延长了对化石燃料的依赖.
结论:
- 仅仅是技术解决方案对气候中立航空来说是不够的.
- 减少空中交通量是限制整体气候影响的关键因素.
- 可持续航空需要采用整体方法,将技术创新与需求侧管理相结合.
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