在大型基于人口的病例控制研究中,SARS-CoV-2感染后的身体和认知影响
Hilma Holm1, Erna V Ivarsdottir2, Thorhildur Olafsdottir2
1deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland. hilma.holm@decode.is.
Communications medicine
|July 6, 2023
概括
在SARS-CoV-2感染后持续的症状是常见的,但客观测量显示的差异很少. 这项研究估计长期COVID流行率为7%,突出显示了复杂的感染后体验.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 在COVID-19的后急性后果.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在SARS-CoV-2感染后经常报告持续的症状.
- 主观症状与感染后客观临床测量之间的相关性仍然不清楚.
- 了解长期COVID需要评估自我报告的症状和客观的健康参数.
研究的目的:
- 调查之前的SARS-CoV-2感染与广泛的症状之间的关联.
- 为了比较确定的SARS-CoV-2感染和对照组的个体之间的客观身体和认知措施.
- 估计最初感染数月后长期COVID症状的患病率.
主要方法:
- 一项队列研究涉及1706名确诊SARS-CoV-2感染 (病例) 的个人和619名当代/13,779名历史对照.
- 病例在感染后5-18个月被评估,比较了88种症状和各种身体/认知措施.
- 客观测量包括嗅觉/味觉测试,握力,记忆回忆,心率,血压和血液生物标志物.
主要成果:
- 在88个评估的症状中,41个与之前的SARS-CoV-2感染有显著的关联,特别是嗅觉/味觉障碍,记忆问题和呼吸不良.
- 客观评估显示,一些病例的气味/味道较差,握力减弱,记忆力受损,尽管差异很小.
- 在其他客观测量,包括心血管,呼吸,炎症,心脏,肝脏或功能标志物,以及焦虑或抑郁水平方面,没有发现显著差异.
- 长期COVID的估计患病率为7%,感染后平均为8个月.
结论:
- 在SARS-CoV-2感染后持续数月的各种症状,但客观发现往往与自我报告的问题不一致.
- 这种差异表明,复杂的感染后病理生理学并未完全被传统的客观测试所捕获.
- 标准的临床评估可能在明确将症状与过去的SARS-CoV-2感染联系起来时具有有限的效用.
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