在医疗保健中对大型语言模型 (或生成AI) 的监管监督的必要性
Bertalan Meskó1,2, Eric J Topol3
1The Medical Futurist Institute, Budapest, Hungary. berci@medicalfuturist.com.
NPJ digital medicine
|July 6, 2023
概括
像GPT-4这样的人工智能 (AI) 大语言模型 (LLM) 提供医疗保健好处,但需要谨慎的监管. 提供了建议,以确保在医学中安全使用LLM,保护患者和隐私.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 监管科学 监管科学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 的快速发展已经产生了复杂的大型语言模型 (LLM),如GPT-4和Bard.
- 在医疗保健领域,LLM具有多种应用,包括临床文档,保险预授权,研究总结和面向患者的聊天机器人.
- 与现有受监管的AI医疗技术相比,LLM的独特培训需要谨慎的方法,特别是在患者护理方面.
研究的目的:
- 解决在医药和医疗保健中对生成AI和GPT-4进行监管的关键挑战.
- 确保LLMs的安全和道德实施,而不损害其变革潜力.
- 为监管监督提供实际建议,以保护患者安全,数据和隐私.
主要方法:
- 审查当前的AI和LLM能力,包括GPT-4的高级功能,如图像分析.
- 对医疗保健中人工智能的监管环境的分析.
- 为监管机构制定实际建议.
主要成果:
- GPT-4的功能,包括图像文本分析,提高了医学LLM的潜力和风险.
- 现有的监管框架可能无法完全涵盖LLM培训和应用的细微差别.
- 特别强调需要进行监管监督,以管理与LLM可靠性和数据隐私相关的风险.
结论:
- 监管监督至关重要,使医疗专业人员和患者能够安全地使用LLM.
- 建议侧重于确保LLM的使用不会造成伤害或损害患者数据和隐私.
- 需要一个平衡的监管方法来利用LLMs的好处,同时减轻医疗保健中的潜在风险.
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