人工智能应用于支持临床伦理决策吗? 一个系统的理由审查
Lasse Benzinger1, Frank Ursin2, Wolf-Tilo Balke3
1Institute for Ethics, History and Philosophy of Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. benzinger.lasse@mh-hannover.de.
BMC medical ethics
|July 6, 2023
概括
人工智能 (AI) 为临床伦理决策提供了潜在的好处,但它的使用仍在争论中. 需要仔细开发,以解决诸如偏见和自主性等伦理问题,确保人工智能在医疗保健中的负责任整合.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 医疗保健提供者面临着复杂的伦理决策,导致压力.
- 人工智能 (AI) 应用正在出现,以帮助临床道德决策.
- 人工智能在这个领域的整合是有争议的,需要审查支持和反对它的使用的论点.
研究的目的:
- 提供有关AI在临床伦理决策中的使用学术文献的全面概述.
- 在此背景下分析支持和反对AI实施的论点.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,科学网,Philpapers.org和谷歌学者中进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 通过标题/摘要选和全文分析,确定了44个相关出版物.
- 使用库卡茨方法对所选论文进行了定性文本分析.
主要成果:
- 人工智能可以通过改进的预测和可靠的信息来增强患者的自主性和益处.
- 人们担心人工智能有可能限制自主权,复制偏见,以及无法复制人类道德审议.
- 正义问题源于人工智能有可能延续现有的决策偏见.
结论:
- 人工智能为临床伦理决策提供了许多潜在的好处.
- 仔细的开发和实施对于减轻伦理风险至关重要.
- 正义,可解释性和人机交互等关键方面需要在人工智能伦理辩论中更加关注.
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