在典型和非典型的精神性厌食症中语言实施例:来自图像和词匹配任务的证据
Paolo Meneguzzo1,2, David Dal Brun3, Enrico Collantoni1,2
1Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
概括
患有神经性厌食症 (AN) 和非典型的AN (AAN) 个体表现出体内认知功能受损,影响他们将身体动作与语言联系起来的能力. 重量恢复可能会改善这些认知过程.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 具体认知假定身体和大脑是精神过程的组成部分.
- 神经性厌食症 (AN) 越来越多地被认为是一种可能涉及改变体内认知的疾病,特别是在身体感知和视觉空间处理方面.
- 关于AN和非典型AN (AAN) 的体现认知缺陷的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 通过评估AN和AAN患者识别身体部位和行动的能力来调查体内认知.
- 探索体重不足对这些人群体内体认知的影响.
- 检查AN患者体重恢复后体内认知的变化.
主要方法:
- 对143名女性 (45名AN,43名AAN,55名对照) 进行了语言体现任务,以评估图片-动词关联.
- 24名AN参与者的小组在实现稳定的体重恢复后进行了重新测试.
- 该任务评估了身体动作的视觉表示与书面动词之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 无论是AN和AAN组,在将图像动作与书面动词联系起来时,都表现不佳.
- 当相同的身体部位 (效应器) 参与图像和文本时,这种损伤更为明显.
- 参与AN和AAN组的参与者需要更长的响应时间来完成任务.
结论:
- 具体认知,特别是与身体模式相关的认知,似乎在AN患者中受损.
- 观察到的AN和AAN之间的差异主要与体重不足状态有关,这表明语言体现异常.
- 将体现为重点的干预措施整合到AN治疗中可以提高身体认知和减少对身体的误解.
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