相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 24, 2025

09:24
Expanding the Toolkit for In Vivo Imaging of Axonal Transport
Published on: December 23, 2021
3.5K
中枢神经系统神经元的兴衰中的转位蛋白
Garett Cheung1, Yiqi Christina Lin1, Vassilios Papadopoulos1
1Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
|July 7, 2023
概括
转位蛋白 (TSPO) 对于细胞功能至关重要,并在神经炎症中得到上调. 本综述探讨了TSPO在中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中的神经元生命周期中的已知作用和潜在功能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 转位蛋白 (TSPO) 是一个18kDa的蛋白质,位于线粒体外膜.
- TSPO参与胆固醇运输,分子运输,氧化应激,亡和能量代谢.
- 在中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中,TSPO水平通常较低,但在神经炎症期间,在激活的微质中显著增加.
研究的目的:
- 审查已知的转位蛋白 (TSPO) 的功能.
- 讨论TSPO在中枢神经系统中神经元生命周期中的潜在作用.
- 探索TSPO在与神经发生相关的特定中枢神经系统区域的功能.
主要方法:
- 关于TSPO现有研究的文献综述.
- 分析不同中枢神经系统区域的TSPO表达模式.
- 综合有关TSPO细胞功能的当前知识.
主要成果:
- 在各种哺乳动物细胞中发现TSPO,在中枢神经系统区域 (如海马体,嗅球和小脑) 特定的较高基底水平.
- 这些高TSPO区域与成年人的神经发生有关,这表明超出神经炎症之外的潜在作用.
- 虽然TSPO在神经退行过程中在微质中的作用得到了研究,但其在神经元生命周期的其他阶段的功能仍然不清楚.
结论:
- 除了胆固醇的运输之外,TSPO具有不同的细胞作用.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明TSPO在神经发生和中枢神经系统内的更广泛的神经元生命周期中的特定功能.
- 了解TSPO的多方面的作用可以为中枢神经系统的健康和疾病提供新的见解.
相关概念视频
Cotranslational Protein Translocation
7.4K
Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
7.4K
Protein Translocation Machinery on the ER Membrane
4.7K
The translocon complex situated on the ER membrane is the main gateway for the protein secretory pathway. It facilitates the transport of nascent peptides into the ER lumen and their insertion into the ER membrane.
Sec61 protein conducting channel
In eukaryotes, the translocon complex comprises a core heterotrimeric translocator channel called the Sec61 complex. This channel includes three transmembrane proteins, Sec61α, Sec61β, and Sec61γ, and is the largest subunit of the...
Sec61 protein conducting channel
In eukaryotes, the translocon complex comprises a core heterotrimeric translocator channel called the Sec61 complex. This channel includes three transmembrane proteins, Sec61α, Sec61β, and Sec61γ, and is the largest subunit of the...
4.7K
Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER
5.8K
A sizable fraction of proteins destined for ER are first synthesized in the cell cytosol and then transported across the ER membrane–a process called post-translational translocation. Similar to cotranslationally translocated proteins, these proteins also use the Sec translocon complex to enter the ER lumen.
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
5.8K
Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion
39
Bacterial protein secretion involves translocation systems to ensure proteins reach their designated locations, including the plasma membrane, periplasm, outer membrane, or the external environment. These translocation systems are vital for bacterial physiology, supporting processes like membrane assembly, enzymatic activity in the periplasm, and interactions with the external environment. The division of labor between Sec and Tat pathways ensures efficiency in handling proteins with diverse...
39
Overview of Protein Sorting and Transport
11.6K
Eukaryotic cells have different membrane-bound organelles with distinct protein requirements. The process by which proteins are targeted to a specific organelle is called protein sorting.
Protein sorting can be of two types: signal-based sorting and vesicle-based trafficking. In signal-based sorting, specific amino acid sequences called sorting signals target proteins to the proper location inside the cell either via gated transport or by protein translocation. In gated transport, folded...
Protein sorting can be of two types: signal-based sorting and vesicle-based trafficking. In signal-based sorting, specific amino acid sequences called sorting signals target proteins to the proper location inside the cell either via gated transport or by protein translocation. In gated transport, folded...
11.6K
Transcellular Transport of Solutes
3.6K
Transcellular transport of solutes is the movement of substances like monosaccharides and amino acids through polarized cells. This transport mechanism is primarily seen in epithelial and endothelial cells aided by membrane transport proteins such as channels and transporters. The tight junctions between these cells confine the membrane proteins to the two sides of the cell. The epithelial cells have distinct apical and basolateral domains. In contrast, the endothelial cells show the luminal...
3.6K

