增加的初始任务难度驱使社会食者发展不理想的合规性,而不是适应性的多样性.
Đorđe Marković1, Na'ama Aljadeff1, Lucy M Aplin2,3
1School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Royal Society open science
|July 7, 2023
概括
增加的任务难度将从适应性的社会多样性转移到符合性. 这凸显了认知需求,而不仅仅是学习策略,如何影响动物社会中的社会行为.
科学领域:
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 认知生态学是一种认知生态学.
- 社会学习是社会学习.
背景情况:
- 社会学习通常通过适应性策略的镜头来看待.
- 任务困难在塑造社会学习动态中的作用较少被探索.
- 之前对家的研究表明,在食任务中,它们具有适应性的社会多样性.
研究的目的:
- 研究初始任务难度如何影响家的社会学习和合规性.
- 确定任务难度的增加是否可以将行为从适应性多样性转变为社会一致性.
- 评估认知需求对社会学习动态的影响.
主要方法:
- 房子子被提出一个食任务,包括打开养井盖,选择奖励的线索.
- 由于没有预先培训如何打开盖子,任务的难度增加了,使得社会学习最初变得更为关键.
- 观察了行为反应,并与先前的研究进行了比较,初始任务难度较低.
主要成果:
- 增加的初始任务难度导致了家 sparrows 主要符合性行为.
- 子遵守了被证明的线索,即使有一个替代的,个人更容易,有奖励的线索是可用的.
- 这与以前在不那么苛刻的条件下适应性社会多样性的研究结果形成鲜明对比.
结论:
- 任务的认知需求,特别是对社会学习的初始依赖,可以显著改变社会行为.
- 在社会动物中,由于任务难度,超越适应性多样性,可以出现低于最佳的社会一致性.
- 任务特征和学习策略之间的相互作用对于理解动物群体的社会动态至关重要.
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