对重离子束诱导的突变和农学特征变异的多代研究,以加速米育种
Weibin Ren1,2, He Wang3, Yan Du1,2
1Biophysics Group, Biomedical Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
Frontiers in plant science
|July 7, 2023
概括
重离子束 (HIB) 辐射有效诱导作物育种的突变. 米的最佳碳离子束剂量在中位数致命剂量的67-90% (LD50) 之间,产生稳定的突变物用于遗传研究和开发.
科学领域:
- 植物科学 植物科学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 生物技术是生物技术.
背景情况:
- 重离子束 (HIB) 是植物育种的有效物理变异原体.
- 了解HIB在发育和基因组层面的剂量影响对于高效的作物改进至关重要.
- 碳离子束 (CIB) 是广泛用于研究和育种应用中的HIB.
研究的目的:
- 系统地研究各种碳离子束 (CIB) 剂量对米 (Kitaake品种) 在发育和基因组层面的影响.
- 为了确定诱导突变的最佳CIB剂量,同时最大限度地减少生理损伤.
- 描述突变谱和识别用于繁殖和功能基因组学的有用突变.
主要方法:
- 用十剂CIB (25300 Gy) 辐射Kitaake大米种子.
- 评估M1种群的生长,发育和光合作用参数.
- 179个M2个体的全基因组测序 (WGS) 来自六次CIB治疗 (25150 Gy).
- 在M2和M3世代的表型查中,寻找具有改变农学特征的突变物.
主要成果:
- 超过125 Gy的CIB剂量对大米造成了显著的生理损害.
- 突变率达到100 Gy (2.66×10^-7/bp) 的峰值.
- 从11,720种M2植物 (1.1%的突变率) 中分离出129种具有明显表型变异的突变,其中约50%显示在M3.0中稳定遗传.
- 11个稳定的M4突变的WGS确定了基因组概况和候选基因,包括3个产量更高的基因系.
结论:
- HIB,特别是CIB,是促进作物育种的有效工具.
- 使用CIB进行米突变育种的最佳剂量范围为中位致命剂量的67-90% (LD50).
- 产生的突变物是功能性基因组研究,遗传分析和未来育种计划的宝贵资源.
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