社会经济地位对认知的影响机制
1State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
|July 7, 2023
概括
社会经济地位 (SES) 显著影响人类发展,影响健康,认知和生活满意度. 较低的SES与增加的健康风险和大脑活动的改变有关,特别是在执行和奖励网络方面.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 是社会和经济地位的关键决定因素.
- 共同的SES指标包括收入,教育和职业.
- 混合测量,如麦克阿瑟尺度,越来越多地使用.
研究的目的:
- 探索SES对人类发展的多方面的影响.
- 检查SES与健康结果,认知功能和决策之间的关系.
- 研究个人和社区SES对认知过程的影响.
主要方法:
- 审查关于SES和人类发展的现有研究.
- 分析使用各种SES测量尺度的研究.
- 检查与SES和大脑网络活动有关的神经成像发现.
主要成果:
- 较低的SES与较高的健康状况不佳和认知能力下降的风险相关.
- 它影响生活满意度,学业成绩,情绪调节和决策.
- 邻里SES作为影响认知功能的环境因素.
- 低SES个体表现出不同的脑网络激活模式 (执行和奖励网络).
结论:
- 在整个生命周期中,SES深刻地塑造了人类发展的多个领域.
- 了解SES对于解决健康差异和认知衰老至关重要.
- 稀缺性假设可以解释低SES个体中观察到的神经差异.
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