绘制11个高收入国家的健康差距图
Neil J MacKinnon1, Vanessa Emery2, Jennifer Waller1
1Department of Population Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.
在11个高收入国家中存在地理健康差异,美国显示了最重要的问题. 加拿大,挪威和荷兰提供了改善农村和城市健康公平的模式.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 卫生公平研究 卫生公平研究
背景情况:
- 全球医疗保健服务面临挑战,包括与地理位置相关的重大健康不平等.
- 对于研究人员和政策制定者来说,了解地理健康差异的普遍性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化和描述11个高收入国家的地理健康差异.
- 为了比较城市和农村人口之间的健康差异的频率和性质.
主要方法:
- 2020年英联邦基金国际卫生政策 (IHP) 调查数据分析来自11个高收入国家.
- 对成年人 (年龄大于18岁) 进行的横截面调查,比较了10个健康指标,涉及三个领域:健康状况/社会经济风险,负担能力和获得护理.
- 后勤回归用于评估区域类型 (农村/城市) 和健康指标之间的关联,控制年龄和性别.
主要成果:
- 22,402名受访者参与了调查;在11个国家和10个指标中发现了21个地理健康差异的发生.
- 农村居住在13个案例中是保护因素,在8个案例中是风险因素.
- 美国表现出最显著的地理健康差异 (10个指标中的5个),而加拿大,挪威和荷兰报告没有.
结论:
- 在11个高收入国家发现了显著的地理健康差异,特别是在获得护理方面.
- 各国差异的差异突出了政策学习的机会.
- 美国可以通过检查加拿大,挪威和荷兰的政策来改善地理健康公平.
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