免疫检查点和DNA损伤反应抑制剂之间的交叉声调用于瘤的放射敏感化
Sandra Classen1, Cordula Petersen2, Kerstin Borgmann3
1Laboratory of Radiobiology and Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
概括
将DNA修复抑制剂和免疫检查点抑制剂与辐射相结合,可以克服瘤的辐射抵抗. 这种方法增强了瘤的放射敏感性,并提供了有前途的未来治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 辐射瘤学 辐射瘤学
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
背景情况:
- 放射治疗是癌症治疗的基石,但瘤耐药性限制了它的有效性.
- 耐辐射瘤具有增强的DNA损伤反应机制,阻碍细胞死亡.
- 免疫检查点抑制剂显示有前途,但有局限性,特别是在低突变负担的瘤中.
研究的目的:
- 审查克服瘤辐射抵抗力的策略.
- 探索免疫检查点抑制剂和DNA修复抑制剂与放射治疗的组合.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed中使用相关关键字进行文献搜索.
- 文章的选择是基于它们与联合抑制策略和放射治疗的相关性.
- 该审查侧重于临床前数据和潜在的治疗应用.
主要成果:
- 将DNA损伤反应抑制剂与辐射相结合可以使瘤变得敏感.
- 免疫检查点抑制剂可以增强放射治疗,但疗效不同.
- 强调了将两种抑制剂类型与辐射相结合的协同潜力.
结论:
- 将DNA修复和免疫检查点抑制剂与辐射结合起来是一个有希望的策略.
- 这种方法为放射敏感化和改善瘤治愈提供了潜力.
- 临床前发现表明这些联合策略的未来治疗应用.
相关概念视频
02:37DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle
9.2K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
9.2K
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
573
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
573
02:37DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle
2.6K
2.6K
02:56Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.3K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.3K
01:31The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.6K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.6K
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.7K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.7K