开发了一种用于测量地震振动的冲动传感器:建模,模拟和实验验证
Mostafa M Geriesh1,2, Ahmed M R Fath El-Bab3, Wael Khair-Eldeen4
1Material Science and Engineering Program, School of Innovative Design Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg Al-Arab City 21934, Egypt.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 8, 2023
概括
这项研究引入了一种使用金属悬臂和陀螺仪的新型直接冲动传感器,克服了传统基于加速的地震振动监测方法的局限性. 开发的传感器为结构健康评估提供了更高的灵敏度和准确性.
科学领域:
- 机械工程 机械工程
- 结构健康监测 结构健康监测
- 地震学 地震学
背景情况:
- 加速传感器对于评估地震等动态事件中结构损坏至关重要.
- 计算冲动 (加速度变化速率) 对于理解地震波对结构的影响至关重要.
- 通过加速差异化进行传统的冲动计算容易出现错误,特别是对于低频,小振幅信号,这限制了实时应用.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种直接冲动传感器,用于准确测量地震振动.
- 为了优化金属悬臂式冲动传感器的设计,以提高灵敏度和测量范围.
- 为了验证用于结构健康监测应用的传感器性能.
主要方法:
- 设计和优化了奥氏体不钢悬臂 (L-35型号:35 × 20 × 0.5 mm3,自然频率139 Hz).
- 整合了悬臂和陀螺仪,用于直接测量冲动.
- 进行分析和有限元 (FE) 分析以优化设计.
- 对传感器的性能进行了理论和实验验证.
主要成果:
- L-35的冲动传感器表现出0.05 (度/秒) / G/s的恒定灵敏度,在0.140Hz的地震频率范围内,误差为±2%.
- 传感器准确地测量了0.1到2 (G) 之间的振幅的冲动.
- 校准曲线显示高线性,相关系数为0.99 (理论) 和0.98 (实验).
结论:
- 与现有方法相比,开发的直接冲动传感器提供了显著增强的灵敏度.
- 该传感器适用于精确的地震振动监测和结构健康评估.
- 这项技术克服了加速差异化的局限性,用于实时测量冲动.
相关概念视频
Torsional Pendulum
5.6K
A torsional pendulum involves the oscillation of a rigid body in which the restoring force is provided by the torsion in the string from which the rigid body is suspended. Ideally, the string should be massless; practically, its mass is much smaller than the rigid body's mass and is neglected.
As long as the rigid body's angular displacement is small, its oscillation can be modeled as a linear angular oscillation. The amplitude of the oscillation is an angle. The role of mass is played...
As long as the rigid body's angular displacement is small, its oscillation can be modeled as a linear angular oscillation. The amplitude of the oscillation is an angle. The role of mass is played...
5.6K
Vibrating Concrete
124
Mechanical vibrators are instrumental in compacting newly poured concrete within formwork and around reinforcements. This process is essential to eliminate trapped air pockets and establish a dense concrete mass. One widely used method is vibrating by internal vibrators, often referred to as a poker vibrator or immersion vibrator. It is rapidly inserted through the full depth of the freshly laid concrete and slightly extends into the layer below it (which remains in a plastic state). Consistent...
124
Simple Harmonic Motion
9.8K
Simple harmonic motion is the name given to oscillatory motion for a system where the net force can be described by Hooke's law. If the net force can be described by Hooke's law and there is no damping (by friction or other non-conservative forces), then a simple harmonic oscillator will oscillate with equal displacement on either side of the equilibrium position. To derive an equation for period and frequency, the equation of motion is used. The period of a simple harmonic oscillator...
9.8K
Mechanical Systems
243
Mechanical systems are analogous to to electrical networks where springs and masses play similar roles to inductors and capacitors, respectively. A viscous damper in mechanical systems functions similarly to a resistor in electrical networks, dissipating energy. The forces acting on a mass in such systems include an applied force in the direction of motion, counteracted by forces from the spring, a viscous damper, and the mass's acceleration. This interplay of forces is mathematically...
243
Electro-mechanical Systems
1.0K
Electromechanical systems are intricate configurations that effectively combine electrical and mechanical elements to achieve a desired outcome. Central to many of these systems is the DC motor, a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical motion, enabling various applications ranging from simple fans to complex robotic mechanisms.
A key component of the DC motor is the armature, a rotating circuit positioned within a magnetic field. As an electric current passes through the...
A key component of the DC motor is the armature, a rotating circuit positioned within a magnetic field. As an electric current passes through the...
1.0K
Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge
450
The utilization of strain gauges as transducers for converting mechanical strain into electrical signals is a common practice in various engineering applications. These strain gauges are frequently integrated into Wheatstone bridge circuits to accurately measure parameters such as force or pressure. Within this context, each element within the circuit exhibits a resistance that undergoes subtle variations when subjected to mechanical strain. The primary objective is to convert minuscule...
450


