TMEM106B 是一个受体介导ACE2-独立的SARS-CoV-2细胞入口
Jim Baggen1, Maarten Jacquemyn1, Leentje Persoons1
1KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
Cell
|July 8, 2023
概括
研究人员发现TMEM106B作为SARS-CoV-2进入缺乏ACE2的细胞的替代受体. 这一发现揭示了SARS-CoV-2感染的新机制和潜在的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 细胞生物学
- 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 由于宿主细胞进入受体的可用性,SARS-CoV-2 呈现广泛的组织热带性.
- 血管新生转化酶2 (ACE2) 是已知的SARS-CoV-2输入的主要受体.
- 了解其他入境途径对于打击病毒传播至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别SARS-CoV-2超出ACE2的替代细胞受体.
- 阐明SARS-CoV-2与TMEM106B相互作用的机制.
- 研究TMEM106B在病毒融合和感染中的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用X射线结晶学和冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 来确定结构相互作用.
- 使用交换质谱法 (HDX-MS) 来分析蛋白质动态.
- 测试了TMEM106B特异性单克隆抗体在阻断病毒感染方面的有效性.
主要成果:
- 在ACE2阴性细胞中确定了TMEM106B,一种 lysosomal 跨膜蛋白,作为SARS-CoV-2的替代输入受体.
- 表明特定的Spike突变 (E484D) 增强了TMEM106B的结合和病毒的进入.
- 显示TMEM106B特异性抗体可以抑制SARS-CoV-2感染.
- 结构分析显示TMEM106B光域与SARS-CoV-2尖端受体结合基因相互作用.
- 观察到TMEM106B促进了尖端介导的同位素形成,这表明它在病毒融合中发挥了作用.
结论:
- TMEM106B介导了ACE2独立的SARS-CoV-2的进入.
- 肝素硫酸盐和TMEM106B之间的合作相互作用有助于SARS-CoV-2感染.
- TMEM106B代表了针对SARS-CoV-2的抗病毒策略的新目标.
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