对慢性酒精使用与疾病发生之间的关系的相对风险进行系统审查
Christine Levesque1, Nitika Sanger1, Hanie Edalati1
1Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Alcohol, clinical & experimental research
|July 9, 2023
概括
这项研究更新了关于酒精和疾病风险的系统审查. 虽然饮酒量较高会增加疾病风险,但低剂量对男性和女性的一些疾病具有保护作用.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 酒精消费是全球重要的健康问题,与许多疾病和死亡率有关.
- 之前的系统性审查已经探索了酒精的剂量-反应风险关系,需要更新分析.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和更新量化性别特异性,慢性酒精使用和疾病发病/死亡率之间的剂量反应风险关系的元分析.
- 确定酒精对各种健康结果的影响的最新证据 (2017-2021年).
主要方法:
- 对多个数据库进行系统的文献搜索,遵循系统审查和元分析 (PRISMA) 准则的首选报告项目.
- 包括基于每日酒精摄入量 (克/天) 的量化风险 (相对风险,赔率比率,危险比率) 的元分析.
- 对14项精选的元分析进行叙事审查,将酒精消费者与非消费者进行比较.
主要成果:
- 所有检查的疾病都显示,随着酒精消费的增加,风险增加.
- 对结核病,感染,各种癌症,,高血压,肝硬化和胰腺炎 (男性) 的所有剂量都观察到酒精的有害影响.
- 低剂量的酒精消费表明对缺血性心脏病,缺血性中风,脑内出血 (两性),糖尿病和胰腺炎 (女性) 有保护作用.
结论:
- 酒精消费增加了许多传染性和非传染性疾病的风险,这种风险取决于剂量.
- 较高的酒精摄入量带来了明显的健康风险,但较低的饮酒水平表现出复杂的,疾病特异性的保护性和有害影响.
- 研究结果强调了酒精剂量与各种健康结果之间的细微关系,强调了性别特异性差异.
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