烟草使用如何影响老年人的认知能力? 基于大规模调查的倾向性得分匹配分析
Lucky Singh1, Rishita Chandra2, Manacy Pai3
1ICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India.
概括
烟草使用显著增加了老年人认知能力下降的风险,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家. 公共卫生战略应优先考虑戒烟和预防,以促进健康老龄化.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 烟草使用是已知的癌症风险因素,但其对认知健康的影响,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs),研究不足.
- 低低收入国家面临人口变化,增加了解影响认知衰老的因素的需求.
研究的目的:
- 调查烟草使用与低至中产国家中老年人认知衰退之间的关联.
- 为有针对性的公共卫生干预提供证据,以促进老龄人口的认知健康.
主要方法:
- 利用印度长度老龄化研究的数据.
- 采用倾向得分匹配方法 (1:1最近邻居与替换匹配).
- 与从未使用者相比,各种烟草使用类别 (曾经,前,当前,吸烟者,无烟吸烟者) 的认知评分差的估计几率.
主要成果:
- 与从未使用烟草的人相比,曾经 (OR -0.26),当前 (OR -0.28) 和前 (OR -0.53) 烟草使用者的认知能力下降的可能性更高.
- 吸烟者 (OR -0.53) 和无烟烟草使用者 (OR -0.22) 的认知分数较低的几率增加.
- 研究结果表明,烟草使用对老年人认知功能有显著的负面影响.
结论:
- 旨在预防认知障碍的干预措施应包括戒烟和预防策略.
- 扩大无烟生产计划对于防止未来的生产力损失和促进健康老龄化至关重要.
- 解决烟草使用问题对于改善生活质量和实现与健康和福祉相关的可持续发展目标至关重要.
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