绿色空间的可用性,可访问性和使用以及小学儿童的认知发展
Amanda Fernandes1, Norun Hjertager Krog2, Rosemary McEachan3
1ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|July 9, 2023
概括
绿色空间暴露对儿童的认知有不同的影响,这取决于社会经济地位. 虽然一些绿色空间的访问有助于在不太贫困的儿童工作记忆,但它可以增加更贫困的群体的注意力.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 绿色空间与儿童的认知益处有关.
- 有限的研究存在于住宅区以外的绿色空间暴露,同时考虑可用性,可访问性和使用.
- 了解这些多方面的暴露对于儿童的认知发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述小学儿童绿色空间可用性,可访问性和使用模式.
- 探索这些绿色空间暴露尺寸和认知发展之间的关联.
- 研究绿色空间暴露的社会经济梯度和认知结果.
主要方法:
- 评估了1607名儿童 (6-11岁) 家庭,学校,通勤路线和活动地点附近的绿色空间暴露 (可用性,可访问性,使用).
- 利用了NDVI缓冲区,靠近主要的绿地,以及自我报告的游戏时间/访问量.
- 通过流体智能测量认知,不注意,和工作记忆测试,用多重线性回归分析.
主要成果:
- 绿色空间的可用性,可访问性和使用性表现出社会经济梯度,使弱势群体处于不利地位.
- 绿色空间暴露和认知功能之间没有总体统计学上显著的关联.
- 靠近绿色空间的生活改善了贫困程度较低的儿童的工作记忆,但增加了贫困程度较高的儿童的注意力不集中. 在绿色空间玩时间的增加有利于受过高等教育的母亲的孩子.
结论:
- 绿色空间暴露的认知影响受到社会经济地位和特定暴露尺寸的调节.
- 可能需要有针对性的绿色空间干预措施,以减轻不同社会经济群体的负面影响并增强不同社会经济群体的好处.
- 进一步的研究应该探索绿色空间,社会经济因素和儿童认知发展之间的复杂相互作用.
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