用于手术后恶心和吐的Fosaprepitant在接受腹腔镜胃肠道手术的患者:一项随机试验
Qingshan Huang1, Fan Wang1, Chujun Liang1
1Department of Anaesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
British journal of anaesthesia
|July 9, 2023
概括
普雷皮坦,当添加到标准的抗药时,显著减少高风险手术患者的手术后恶心和吐 (PONV). 然而,这种组合治疗与手术内低血压的发病率增加有关.
科学领域:
- 麻醉学和外科手术期间的医学.
- 药理学和治疗学 药理学和治疗学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 手术后恶心和吐 (PONV) 仍然是一个重要的临床挑战,即使在目前的预防策略.
- 现有的双重预防疗法 (德克萨米他和5-西胺-3受体对抗剂) 在高风险患者中显示出有限的疗效.
- 在PONV预防的联合抗emetic疗法中,作为神经素-1受体对手的fosaprepitant的作用需要进一步澄清.
研究的目的:
- 评估普雷皮坦与德克萨米他和帕洛诺塞特朗联合用于PONV预防的疗效和安全性.
- 确定添加福萨普雷皮坦 (fosaprepitant) 于标准抗疗法对高风险手术患者PONV发病率的影响.
- 评估这种联合治疗的安全性,包括不良事件.
主要方法:
- 一项随机,受控,双盲试验,涉及1154名接受腹腔镜胃肠道手术的高风险患者.
- 参与者被分配给接受福萨普雷皮坦特 (150毫克静脉注射) 两种药物. 或麻醉诱导之前的安慰剂.
- 这两组都接受了德克萨米他 (5毫克静脉注射). 和palonosetron (0.075毫克静脉输入). ) 在术后24小时内评估了PONV发病率.
主要成果:
- 与安慰剂组相比,PONV的发病率在福萨普雷皮坦组 (32.4%) 显著较低 (48.7%) (P<0.001).
- 两组之间没有观察到严重不良事件的显著差异.
- 在Fosaprepitant组中,手术内低血压的发病率增加 (38.0%与31.7%,P=0.026) 和手术内高血压的发病率降低 (40.6%与49.2%,P=0.003).
结论:
- 将福萨普雷皮坦添加到德克萨米他松和帕洛诺塞特朗有效地减少了在接受腹腔镜胃肠道手术的高风险患者中PONV.
- 组合疗法与手术内低血压风险增加有关.
- 进一步的研究可能是有必要的,以优化在PONV预防中使用fosaprepitant,同时管理潜在的血液动力学影响.
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