女人的大脑健康:中年卵巢切除会影响关联记忆
Alana Brown1, Nicole J Gervais2, Jenny Rieck2
1Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada. alana.brown@mail.utoronto.ca.
Molecular neurobiology
|July 9, 2023
概括
双边沙卵巢切除术 (BSO) 的早期雌激素损失可能会改变大脑功能,增加阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 风险. 面部名字记忆任务可以作为风险女性的早期生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 与自然更年期 (SM) 相比,双边卵管切除术 (BSO) 增加了阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的风险.
- 在接受BSO的妇女中,AD风险的早期生物标志物尚未得到很好的定义.
- 关联性记忆缺陷可能会在临床前AD发展之前出现.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查年轻的BSO女性是否表现出与SM女性相似的关联记忆变化.
- 为了确定与BSO妇女的AD风险增加相关的早期功能性大脑生物标志物.
- 在不同更年期组的脸名联想记忆任务中比较大脑激活模式.
主要方法:
- 功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于评估在面部名称关联记忆任务期间的大脑激活.
- 参与者包括年龄匹配的绝经前对照 (AMC),BSO的女性 (有或没有ERT),以及SM中的女性.
- 进行了兴趣区域和多变量部分最小平方分析,以比较大脑活动和网络模式.
主要成果:
- 患有BSO (没有ERT) 的女性表现出与MS女性相似的海马激活,尽管她们年轻.
- 在BSO女性中,雌激素替代疗法 (ERT) 导致海马激活率更高,与17β-雌激醇水平相关.
- 网络级激活模式在BSO+ERT和BSO/SM组之间有所不同,在BSO和SM组之间观察到相反的海马内连接.
结论:
- 由于BSO导致的早期17β-雌激醇损失可能会诱导改变功能性大脑表型,可能会影响晚年AD风险.
- 面部名称关联记忆任务显示,作为生物标志物,有望用于识别中年妇女患阿兹海默症风险增加的生物标志物.
- 更年期类型 (BSO与SM) 是评估大脑功能和潜在的AD风险的关键因素.
相关概念视频
Oogenesis
63.9K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
63.9K
Menopause
206
Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
206
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle
586
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
586
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory
884
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
884
Role of Hippocampus in Memory
348
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
348
Role of Amygdala in Memory
295
The amygdala is a small, almond-shaped structure responsible for processing and storing memories, particularly those linked to emotions like fear and stress. It plays an essential role in the brain's response to emotionally significant events and often enhances memory formation by triggering stress hormone release. The amygdala is vital for encoding and retrieving memories associated with fear or stress, a process that is adaptive by helping organisms avoid dangerous situations.
One of the...
One of the...
295


