解决土壤ARG携带病原体的全球规模的元基因组学问题
Binhao Wang1, Jianming Xu1, Yiling Wang1,2
1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China.
概括
土壤病原体中的抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG) 在全球范围内广泛存在,特别是在农业土壤中. 了解它们的分布对于控制抗生素耐药性的传播至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 过度使用抗生素和环境污染加速了抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG) 通过横向基因转移传播.
- 虽然研究了土壤中的ARG分布,但土壤传播病原体的全球抗生素耐药性仍然基本上是未知的.
- 这种知识差距阻碍了针对抗生素耐药性的有效全球战略.
研究的目的:
- 调查抗生素耐药性病原体 (AP) 在土壤中的全球分布和特征.
- 确定影响AP热点的因素,并为目标控制措施提供信息.
- 推进对土壤传播的AP及其公共卫生影响的理解.
主要方法:
- 从1643个全球土壤样本中组装了元基因组结合物.
- 鉴定和描述了407种携带ARG的病原体 (AP).
- 绘制了全球AP财富的地图,并分析了人类和气候因素的贡献.
主要成果:
- 在87.8%的样本中检测到AP,农业土壤的丰富度更高.
- 农业土壤显示出临床APs (例如,Escherichia,Enterobacter) 的流行率.
- APs经常与多药耐药基因和bacA同时发生;亚洲和美国发现的热点.
结论:
- 土壤传递的APs分布在全球,农业土壤是重要的水库.
- 人类和气候因素驱动了AP热点,需要区域控制策略.
- 绘制AP分布图有助于优先考虑全球减轻抗生素耐药性的努力.
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