人工智能时代的儿科:对挑战,机遇和可解释性的系统审查
Yashaswini Balla1, Santosh Tirunagari2, David Windridge3
1Neurosciences Department, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Indian pediatrics
|July 10, 2023
概括
人工智能 (AI) 正在改变儿科医学,提供诊断和预测能力. 数据安全和验证方面的挑战仍然存在,强调人工智能作为支持工具,而不是取代临床医生.
科学领域:
- 儿科医学 儿科医学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 像ChatGPT和Bard这样的人工智能 (AI) 工具越来越多地被整合到包括医学在内的各种领域.
- 人工智能应用正在跨儿科医学子专业领域扩展,提供了机遇和挑战.
- 需要对人工智能在儿科医学中的作用和影响进行全面的概述.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估人工智能在儿科医学中的当前挑战,机遇和可解释性.
- 简要概述AI在儿科医学领域的多方面的作用.
- 批判性地评估人工智能的潜力,以克服现场采用障碍.
主要方法:
- 在同行评审数据库和灰色文献 (2016-2022) 上进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 搜索术语包括机器学习 (ML) 和人工智能,使用PRISMA指南进行选.
- 采用主题分析,从210篇获取的文章中提取发现,其中20篇被选择进行详细审查.
主要成果:
- 十一篇文章重点关注人工智能在诊断和预测儿科疾病中的应用 (例如,行为健康,癌症,代谢疾病).
- 五篇文章确定了人工智能部署的关键挑战,包括数据安全,处理,身份验证和验证.
- 四篇文章概述了未来的机遇,例如整合大数据,云计算,精准医学和临床决策支持系统.
结论:
- 人工智能是儿科医学中的颠覆性力量,带来了重大挑战和机遇.
- 人工智能应该增强临床决策,作为一种支持工具,而不是取代人类专业知识.
- 未来的研究必须优先考虑全面的数据采集,以确保人工智能在儿科发现的概括性和可靠性.
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