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相关概念视频

DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
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The Nucleosome01:19

The Nucleosome

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Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
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Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

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Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
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Duplication of Chromatin Structure02:05

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

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The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
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Chromatin Packaging01:32

Chromatin Packaging

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Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...
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The DNA Helix01:16

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 24, 2025

3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells
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3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells

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三维基因组结构和功能.

Hao Liu1,2, Hsiangyu Tsai1, Maoquan Yang3

  • 1Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University National Center for Stomatology National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai China.

MedComm
|July 10, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

哺乳动物细胞将线性DNA组织成3D基因组,影响基因表达和发育. 了解这种复杂的3D基因组折叠是解读细胞命运和疾病机制的关键.

关键词:
癌症 癌症 癌症 癌症 癌症出生发育异常是先天性的.这是一个三维基因组.在拓上关联域名.

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3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells
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3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells

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Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.
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科学领域:

  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.

背景情况:

  • 哺乳动物细胞中的线性DNA形成复杂的3D结构,如染色体区域和染色质环.
  • 这些3D基因组结构对于基因调节,细胞分化和疾病发展至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 系统地审查3D基因组的结构层次结构.
  • 探索cis调节元件和动态色素构成变化的作用在基因表达和胚胎发育中的作用.
  • 讨论与3D基因组组织改变相关的疾病机制.

主要方法:

  • 对现有的关于3D基因组组织的文献进行审查.
  • 对高通量测序和成像技术的分析.
  • 讨论分子机制和病理影响.

主要成果:

  • 3D基因组表现出影响基因表达的层次组织.
  • 在胚胎发育过程中,3D染色质构成的动态变化至关重要.
  • 3D基因组组织的改变与先天性异常和癌症有关.

结论:

  • 测序和成像方面的进步揭示了更高阶的染色体结构.
  • 了解3D基因组折叠对于破译细胞命运和疾病至关重要.
  • 未来对3D基因组结构的研究有可能为精确的疾病诊断和治疗提供潜力.