降低与ETc灌相结合,维持了夏季玉米产量,并提高了水和使用效率
Limin Gu1,2, Xinyuan Mu1, Jianshuang Qi1
1Cereal Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.
Frontiers in plant science
|July 10, 2023
概括
优化夏季玉米产量涉及缺水灌 (75%ETc) 和混合控制释放尿素 (BCRF) 在80%的率. 这一战略提高了水和的使用效率,而不会影响谷物产量.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 植物生理学作物生理学
背景情况:
- 过度降雨和高尿素的应用会对夏季玉米产量和营养/水利用效率产生负面影响.
- 优化灌和管理对于黄海平原等地区的可持续农业至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 根据作物蒸发透气 (ETc) 和降低率对夏季玉米的缺口灌的影响进行评估.
- 确定这些策略是否可以在不牺牲谷物产量的情况下提高水和利用效率 (WUE和NAUE).
主要方法:
- 从2016年到2018年进行的实地实验,采用四个灌级别 (I0-I3) 和四个处理 (N0,NU,NC,NR).
- 处理包括不同百分比的ETc用于灌和不同的源/速率,包括混合控制释放尿素与常规尿素 (BCRF).
主要成果:
- 缺水灌 (I2 = 75% ETc) 与减少BCRF (NR = 80%率) 结合,显著增加了根长度密度,并改善了13C光合作用和分布到核中.
- I2NR处理保持了叶子的生理状态 (Fv/Fm),并实现了可比的核数量和重量,以更高的灌/率.
- 与全灌和传统尿素处理 (I3NU) 相比,I2NR处理显著提高了用水效率 (WUE) 和农业利用效率 (NAUE).
结论:
- 应用75%的ETc赤字灌与使用BCRF肥料80%的率相结合,是增强夏季玉米WUE和NAUE的有效策略.
- 这种方法优化了资源利用,并通过促进更好的根部发育和营养分区来提高作物表现,而不会大幅降低谷物产量.
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