电子订单对新生儿乙肝疫苗接种率的影响
Daniel Pedersen1,2, Angelina Rodriguez1,2, Olu Oyesanmi3
1Oak Hill Hospital, Brooksville, FL.
HCA healthcare journal of medicine
|July 10, 2023
概括
修改新生儿入院的电子健康记录显著提高了乙型肝炎免疫率. 在实施更新订单后,新生儿的乙型肝炎疫苗接种率从9.5%上升到90%以上.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 改善医疗保健质量 改善医疗保健质量
背景情况:
- 乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染对全球健康构成重大风险,导致发病率和死亡率.
- 虽然没有确定的治疗方法,但广泛免疫接种是美国的一个关键的预防策略.
- 2018年更新的免疫实践咨询委员会/疾病控制中心 (ACIP/CDC) 准则建议新生儿及时接种HBV疫苗.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估电子病历 (EMR) 的影响,新生儿入院订单对乙型肝炎免疫率进行了修改.
- 为了使临床实践与最新的ACIP/CDC关于新生儿HBV疫苗接种的建议保持一致.
- 评估质量改善倡议在提高疫苗接种覆盖率方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 更新了EMR新生儿入院顺序,以纳入当前的ACIP/CDC乙型肝炎疫苗接种指南.
- 乙型肝炎免疫率被追溯分析为12个月期间之前和之后的EMR订单设置修改.
- 对免疫时间 (出生后24小时内) 和医院出院前总体发病率的数据进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 在医院出院前,B型肝炎的整体免疫率从9.5%急剧增加到干预后90%以上.
- 在出生后的前24小时内,HBV免疫率从74.1%提高到91.1%.
- 通过全州免疫数据库,使得门诊提供者能够更好地访问免疫记录.
结论:
- 修改EMR订单集是改善临床订单实践的高度有效策略.
- 这项质量改进项目表明,它对新生儿B型肝炎疫苗接种率产生了显著的积极影响.
- 系统层面的EMR变化可以导致公共卫生倡议 (如儿童免疫) 取得重大进展.
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