以人为中心的心血管护理模式:证据的回顾:美国心脏协会的科学声明
Circulation
|July 10, 2023
概括
人为中心的心血管疾病护理模式正在出现, 但需要更多的证据. 目前的模型在方法上有所不同,阻碍了复杂慢性疾病的最佳采用和患者的结果.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学
- 医疗服务研究
- 以患者为中心的护理
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是全球主要的死亡原因,多种疾病的患病率越来越高.
- 现有的临床指南往往未能解决复杂的卫生系统和不同患者的情况.
- 这导致了症状管理和健康行为支持方面的挑战,影响了患者的结果,特别是在高危人群中.
研究的目的:
- 描述心血管疾病现有的以人为中心的护理模式的特点和结果.
- 评估结合患者观点和基于证据的指导方针的模型的有效性.
- 发现慢性心血管疾病的当前护理缺口.
主要方法:
- 使用多个数据库 (Ovid MEDLINE,Embase,Web of Science,CINAHL,Cochrane) 和临床试验网站进行了范围审查.
- 搜索2010年至2022年间发表的评估心血管疾病护理模式的研究.
- 包括的研究系统地使用基于证据的指导方针,决策支持和患者意见来评估模型.
主要成果:
- 在经过审查的模型中,方法方法,结果测量和护理过程存在显著差异.
- 模型在纳入患者观点和基于证据的指导方针方面存在差异.
- 没有一个最佳的护理模式是普遍优越的.
结论:
- 支持针对心血管疾病的具体以人为中心的护理模式的证据仍然有限.
- 方法不一致,报销差异和卫生系统的局限性阻碍了有效实施.
- 需要进一步的研究来完善和验证解决慢性心血管疾病和患者需求的复杂性模型.
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