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现代鸟类及其祖先的巢部使用和巢架构的演变

Mark C Mainwaring¹, Iliana Medina², Bret W Tobalske³

¹School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2DG, UK.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

|July 10, 2023

概括

恐龙和早期鸟类的巢穴从埋藏的蛋演变为开放的结构. 这一转变伴随着生殖的变化和父母对更少,更特殊的幼儿的照顾增加.

科学领域:

古生物学的古生物学
进化生物学进化生物学
动物学动物学

背景情况:

鸟类非鸟类祖先的巢结构保存不良,阻碍了对巢部使用和建筑演变的理解.
早期的恐龙可能埋下了蛋,而后来的恐龙则放置了部分暴露的离合器,成年人提供了化和保护.
现代鸟类的前身是欧欧尼丁鸟类,它们很可能建造了部分开放的巢,而新欧尼丁鸟类 (现代鸟类) 首先建造了完全露出的巢.

研究的目的:

为了研究导致现代鸟类的血统中的巢部使用和建筑的进化轨迹.
为了将巢结构的变化与生殖特征和父母关怀策略的变化相关联.
了解不同种类的的更广泛的进化生态.

主要方法:

对恐龙和早期鸟类筑巢行为的化石证据的分析.
在鸟类和非鸟类恐龙血统中对繁殖特征 (例如卵巢数) 的比较分析.
检查现存鸟类物种,特别是鸟的巢结构和地点选择.

主要成果:

证据表明,在祖先形式中,从埋藏/部分暴露的巢穴过渡到现代鸟类中完全暴露的巢穴.
开放的进化与功能性卵巢的减少相关 (雌鸟1个,许多非鸟类恐龙2个) 以及父母投资的增加.
现存的鸟类在不同的地点表现出增强的认知能力,可以在不同的地点建造巢穴,并为较少的其他幼鸟提供显著的护理,流是这种趋势的典型例子.

结论:

鸟类筑巢的进化代表了朝着复杂的巢穴建设,缩小离合体大小和密集的家长照顾的重大转变.
认知进化在使鸟类能够适应各种环境和后代需求的筑巢策略方面发挥了关键作用.
了解鸟类化进化为我们提供了对不同种类的进化生态学的更广泛模式的洞察.

关键词:

鸟类鸟类鸟类鸟类鸟类鱼鱼类鱼类恐龙恐龙恐龙进化演化演化演化演化演化演化演化巢穴建筑架构巢穴建筑架构的地点的地点的地点

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