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捷克共和国与高温有关的死亡率的性别不平等
Chloé Vésier1, Aleš Urban2,3
1Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamycka 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic. chloe.vesier@gmail.com.
International journal of biometeorology
|July 10, 2023
概括
女性比男性面临更高的与热有关的死亡风险,尤其是老年女性. 性别不平等可能会增加风险,特别是对于离婚的妇女来说,这突显了需要量身定制的热适应政策的需要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 气候变化加剧了社会不平等,女性往往更容易受到高温的影响.
- 之前的研究表明,在欧洲各地,包括捷克共和国,女性的热感较高.
研究的目的:
- 调查捷克共和国每日温度和死亡率之间的关系.
- 从性别和性别角度分析这些关联,考虑年龄和婚姻状况.
- 为极端高温事件提供基于性别的适应策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 使用了最热的月份 (五月到九月) 的每日平均温度和个体死亡率数据 (1995-2019).
- 采用准波桑回归模型与分布式滞后非线性模型 (DLNM) 来捕获延迟和非线性温度效应.
- 与夏季温度的99百分位相比,量化了与热有关的死亡风险.
主要成果:
- 与男性相比,女性普遍表现出较高的与热有关的死亡风险.
- 这种差异在85岁以上的个体中更为明显.
- 离婚妇女的风险明显高于离婚男性,这表明性别不平等的影响.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了女性更容易受到高温影响,并强调了性别不平等的作用.
- 调查结果强调了将性别和性别维度纳入热影响分析的重要性.
- 倡导制定性别特定的适应政策,以减轻极端高温的影响.
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