共识文件:小脑和衰老
Angelo Arleo1, Martin Bareš2,3, Jessica A Bernard4,5
1Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France.
Cerebellum (London, England)
|July 10, 2023
概括
衰老显著影响小脑电路,影响运动,认知和情感功能. 了解这些变化对于解决与年龄相关的衰退和阿尔茨海默病和严重抑郁症等脑部疾病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 小脑对运动,认知和情感功能至关重要,包括定时和空间导航.
- 老龄化导致小脑的结构和功能变化,导致移动脆弱和认知障碍.
- 小脑体积减少与年龄和认知能力下降相关,尽管运动时间可能保持稳定.
研究的目的:
- 探索衰老对小脑电路及其功能的影响.
- 调查小脑在与年龄相关的认知衰退,阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和严重抑郁症 (MDD) 中的作用.
- 确定潜在的干预措施,以保持大脑小脑功能在老化.
主要方法:
- 对检查小脑结构和功能在衰老,AD和MDD中的神经成像研究的综述.
- 对影响大脑小脑随年龄变化的遗传和表观遗传因素的分析.
- 考虑使用非侵入性小脑刺激技术.
主要成果:
- 衰老与小脑体积损失和功能连接的改变有关,特别是在大脑前额网络和默认模式网络 (DMN) 中.
- 在阿尔茨海默氏症中,大脑小脑灰质损失与正常衰老不同,后部区域的早期参与.
- 抑郁症状和MDD与小脑灰质体积减少相关.
结论:
- 宏观和微观的小脑变化发生在一生中,影响与皮质和基底质的连接.
- 澄清与年龄有关的小脑修饰对于预防或治疗衰老和大脑疾病中的运动,认知和情感症状至关重要.
- 终身学习和非侵入性刺激可以增强小脑储备并减轻与年龄相关的衰退.
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